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1994-07-07
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2,931 lines
Palatino
Helvetica
, Mail*Link
QM for PowerTalk
User Guide
Palatino
Copyright
Helvetica
*@?Copyright
1994 StarNine Technologies Inc. and its Licensors.
/This guide and the software described in it are
copyrighted with
all rights reserved. Neither the guide nor the software may be copied in whole or part without the written consent of StarNine,
**zexcept as described in the license agreement included in this guide. To inquire about where you can purchase this product
please contact us at:
StarNine Technologies, Inc.
2550 Ninth Street, Suite 112
Berkeley, CA 94710 USA
Tel: 510-649-4949
Fax: 510-548-0393
Internet: info@starnine.com
StarNine
( License and Limited Warranty Agreement
nPlease see the License and Limited Warranty Agreement provided in a separate file that accompanies this guide.
Times
)# rademarks
xStarNine and Mail*Link are registered trademarks of StarNine Technologies, Inc. PowerShare and PowerTalk are trademarks
*)|and Apple, AppleTalk, EtherTalk, LocalTalk, Macintosh, Mac, and the Apple logo are registered trademarks of Apple Computer,
**|Inc. QuickMail is a trademark of CE Software, Inc. All trade names referenced are the service mark, trademark or registered
**)trademark of the respective manufacturer.
Support
*G~Though StarNine is not responsible for maintaining or helping you use the Software, StarNine does at its discretion offer sup-
port. For the information regarding where to go to get support simply double-click the
Support Info
file found on the distribution
**~diskette or contact the administrator who installed your software. To receive support you or your administrator must complete
*)/and return the enclosed user Registration Card.
*b2MAKE SURE THAT YOU SEND IN YOUR REGISTRATION CARD.
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
PREFACE
About This Guide 7
How to use this guide 7
Conventions 8
, CHAPTER 1
Getting Started 9
System r
equir
ements 9
Mail*Link QM for PowerT
alk softwar
Balloon help 1
"Installing Mail*Link QM for PowerT
alk 1
Custom installation 12
*6 Download
All Messages option 13
F If you ar
e updating a pr
evious version 14
Contents
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
CHAPTER 2
Gateway Configuration 15
Choosing a NameServer 15
*>0Adding the QuickMail Service to the Key Chain 16
Requir
ed gateway con
guration 18
Requir
ed mail account information 18
The delete mail fr
om server option 19
Selecting a mail r
eader 20
Gateway connect times 20
The State
eld 21
)Activating or deactivating the gateway 22
Sending a test message 24
+k:0If the message doesn
t appear in your In Tray 27
Check your Out Tray 27
*;'Message status
waiting
in Out Tray 28
*:$Message status
in Out Tray 28
State field 29
Check installation 29
CHAPTER 3
Managing QuickMail Addresses 31
eating personal catalogs fr
om addr
ess books 31
Importing QuickMail addr
ess books 31
Imported addr
esses r
equiring modi
cation 33
Fixing addr
%ess entries in an imported catalog 34
Reusing addr
esses fr
om QuickMail messages 36
Copying a QuickMail addr
ess to a personal catalog 36
eating an addr
ess template fr
om a r
)t eply addr
ess 37
CHAPTER 4
Finding QuickMail Addresses 39
Using the Find
esses pane 39
Changing a r
ecipient
s status 42
Removing a r
ecipient 42
$Using the Find in Catalog command 42
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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, CHAPTER 5
Typing In QuickMail Addresses 45
Using the QuickMail addr
ess template 46
About the QuickMail addr
ess template 46
)9!or checking in the QuickMail addr
ess template 47
F3Copying and modifying an QuickMail catalog entry 47
eating a new catalog user 49
Specifying an addr
ess in another mail system 51
Using the T
ype-In
esses pane 53
Advanced: Internal addr
ess r
esentation 55
QuickMail addr
ess constraints 56
QuickMail addr
esses obtained in a Find 56
QuickMail addr
esses speci
ed in the template 56
QuickMail addr
esses that ar
e typed manually 57
, CHAPTER 6
Solving Problems 59
PowerT
alk and PT/QM pr
oblems 59
Mail r
)n'eturned with
thumbs down
indicator 59
QuickMail user r
eceives a blank message 60
Bad Con
guration in the state
eld 61
)c"ess aliases that no longer work 62
Mail is deleted when you r
emove PT/QM 62
Gateway installation or con
guration err
ors 63
PowerT
alk pr
oblem r
eports 64
Gateway err
ors 66
le err
ors 66
Checking the log
le 67
Automatic log
le clearing 67
Mail*Link QM for PowerT
alk err
or codes 67
Macintosh and
AppleT
alk err
or codes 68
QuickMessenger err
or codes 69
F Message r
elated to Power PCs 70
How to r
emove the gateway softwar
Index 73
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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PREFACE
About This Guide
IMail*Link QM for PowerTalk is a personal e-mail gateway. You can use any
*2Imail-enabled application in PowerTalk to send and read mail. The gateway
*2Gdownloads incoming mail to your In Tray, processes your outbound mail,
*2Kand forwards it to the QuickMail system, which in turn either delivers the
*2.mail or forwards it on through other gateways.
*dKThis guide explains how to install the gateway software and add it to your
*2HKey Chain. It also explains how to look up QuickMail addresses, address
*2Gmail to QuickMail users or beyond, and how to manage addresses for for-
eign mail systems.
How to use this guide
*YEThis guide presumes that you are already have a QuickMail account on
*2Fyour local network and that you are familiar with basic Macintosh and
QuickMail skills.
*d.This guide contains the following information:
): CHAPTER 1
; introduces the software and explains how to install it on
your Macintosh.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
): CHAPTER 2
8 shows how to add the gateway to your Key Chain, supply
Fthe basic required configuration, and send a test message through the
gateway.
): CHAPTER 3
6 describes how to import your QuickMail address books
?and work with QuickMail addresses in the PowerTalk environment.
): CHAPTER 4
8 shows how to use PowerTalk functions to find QuickMail
Faddresses in the NameServer databases, a functionality similar to the
QuickMail
button.
): CHAPTER 5
7 explains how to use the QuickMail address template to
Genter addresses manually. The QuickMail address template is similar to
*2Fthe Special Addresses window in QuickMail, except that it requires an
*24internal address format for some kinds of addresses.
): CHAPTER 6
: describes common problems. It also explains how to check
Athe log file, view problem reports, and interpret error messages.
Conventions
*Y=The term
PT/QM
is shorthand for Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk.
This guide uses
italic
)_7type to indicate emphasis. Italic type is also used to
>represent a parameter that you must replace with a real value.
When a word appears in
Courier
monospace
! font, you should type that word
exactly as it appears.
Zapf Dingbats
:This symbol indicates text that deserves special emphasis.
MPORTANT
8This symbol indicates information that you must know to
avoid time-consuming errors.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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, CHAPTER 1
Getting Started
GThis chapter lists system requirements, describes the Mail*Link QM for
*2<PowerTalk components, and shows how to install the software.
System requirements
*YBThese are the requirements for running Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk:
): PowerTalk
*>?Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk will run on any Macintosh system on
*2?which PowerTalk has been installed. PowerShare is not required.
More than 2 MB disk space
*>BIf PT/QM determines that the Macintosh has less than 2 MB of disk
*2Gspace left, it stops sending or receiving new mail and flags a problem
report in the In Tray.
QuickMail account
*>APT/QM logs into the QuickMail MailCenter where your mail resides
*2@and downloads your incoming messages to your PowerTalk In Tray.
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Getting Started
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
):;AppleTalk network connection to QuickMail server components
*>APT/QM requires an AppleTalk connection to a QuickMail NameServer
*2Eand QM Server system that has information about your QuickMail login
account.
#Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk software
*YEThe Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk software includes the following compo-
nents:
Mail*Link PT/QM extension
*>EMail*Link PT/QM is installed in the Extensions folder within the Sys-
*2Gtem Folder. This extension contains both the Personal Messaging System
*2<Access Module (PMSAM) and the Catalog Service Access Module
(CSAM).
*?=The PMSAM processes and exchanges mail between PowerTalk and
*2HQuickMail. It also provides a QuickMail address template for specifying
*28QuickMail addresses that cannot be found on the network.
*>AThe CSAM lets you look up addresses in QuickMail NameServer data-
*22bases by using standard PowerTalk Find interfaces.
QuickMessenger extension
*>GQuickMessenger is installed in the Extensions folder within the System
*2HFolder. It is licensed from CE Software and distributed as part of this
*2Bproduct. QuickMessenger is responsible for communications between
Mail*Link QM for PowerT
)9(, a QuickMail NameServer, and QM Server
system on the AppleTalk network.
):)System Folder:Preferences:StarNine folder
*>HA folder named StarNine is created in the Preferences folder within the
*2JSystem Folder. Initially, it contains Preferences file and Resources file
*24used by the CSAM and a folder named Mail*Link PT/QM.
):9System Folder:Preferences:StarNine:Mail*Link PT/QM folder
*>DThis folder contains a key file and a TeachText document named Down-
*2 load All.
*?KThe key file is required to validate the gateway each time it is executed.
*2HPT/QM finds the key file in this folder and registers the Key ID on the
*2Hlocal AppleTalk network. If it doesn
t find the key file here, it shuts
*2Ddown with an error message. After Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk begins
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Balloon help
MHoperating, it will also contain the Mail*Link Log file and outbound mes-
*2=sages that have been processed for transmission to QuickMail.
Mail*Link Extras folder
*?HA folder named Mail*Link Extras is copied to the top level of the Macin-
*2Ftosh hard disk. It contains a StarNine business card and a file named
Support Info
that contains information about obtaining technical sup-
*2Fport. This folder also contains the
Import QM Address Books
applica-
*2Ftion for converting your existing address books to PowerTalk catalogs.
QuickMail catalog
*?FWhen you create the gateway within the Key Chain, a QuickMail catalog
*2Eis added to the Catalogs icon. The icon for the QuickMail catalog is
*2Elocked (it appears belted), because it does not support enumeration.
*2FInstead, the QuickMail catalog can be searched using the standard Pow-
erTalk
mechanisms.
Balloon help
*YEMail*Link QM for PowerTalk has Balloon help within the configuration
*2Gwindow. To turn it on, choose Show Balloons from the Balloon Help menu
*2Kin the upper-right of the menu bar, or press the Help key on your extended
*2Ikeyboard.Then, move the mouse cursor over an item to see a brief explana-
tion of that item.
*dGWhen you no longer need help, you can turn it off by choosing Hide Bal-
*2Cloons in the Balloon Help menu or by pressing the Help key on your
extended keyboard.
%Installing Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
*YFBefore you begin, make a working copy of the Mail*Link PT/QM diskette
*2?and put the original in a safe place. Then, follow these steps:
):>Insert the Mail*Link PT/QM disk in the Macintosh floppy drive.
):BDrag-and-drop the Mail*Link PT/QM Install script on the Installer.
Helvetica
Getting Started
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
FAfter dismissing the initial
splash
screen, the Easy Install window
opens (
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Easy Install window
9If you want to select which components to install, go to
Custom instal-
lation,
below
. Otherwise, click Install.
8When the installation is finished, you see this message:
Click Restart or press Return.
Custom installation
*H,To customize which components are installed,
):.Click Customize in the main Installer window (
FIGURE 1
The Customize window opens (
FIGURE 2 on page 13
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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%Installing Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
FIGURE 2
Customize window
MJFor a new installation, you should install at least the first three compo-
*2Gnents. When you click an item to select it, information about what the
*2/component contains is displayed below the list.
):1Select only those components you want to install.
Click Install.
Download All Messages option
*HHBy default, PT/QM is configured to download your existing mail from the
*2MQuickMail server to your In Tray the first time you activate the gateway. It
*25then deletes the messages from the QuickMail server.
If you don
t want to
Edelete your messages from the QuickMail server, you can turn off the
default option described in
The delete mail from server option
on page
;If you want to download your existing mail to your In Tray
without deleting
G from the QuickMail server, select the Download All Messages option in
the Customize window (
FIGURE 2
)#(You can select this option now, as part
Mof the custom installation procedure, or later, after you have sent test mes-
*2Bsages and checked that everything is working to your satisfaction.
*dKNote that this option has no effect unless you uncheck the default configu-
ration described in
The delete mail from server option
on page 19
f`@f$
* "
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Getting Started
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
5If you have many messages in your QuickMail account,
Ddownloading them all can take a while, consume a great deal of disk
*2*space, and affect performance on the Macin
tosh while the download is
Jtaking place. In addition, if PT/QM finds less than 2 MB free disk space,
*2>it disables itself and flags a problem report in your In Tray.
&If you are updating a previous version
*HFIf you are updating a previous version of Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk,
*25you see this message before the Restart window opens:
FIGURE 3
Important notice about updates
MThe installation procedure changes the file-id that PowerTalk uses to locate
*2Kthe Mail*Link PT/QM file. To write the new file-id in the PowerTalk config-
*2?uration file, you must open and close the configuration window.
):/Log into PowerTalk after the Macintosh restarts
Open the Key Chain.
):FDouble-click the QuickMail Service item to open the configuration win-
*2@dow. The Status field in that window displays
Close Window and
Reboot.
):@Close the configuration window by clicking the close box in the
upper-left corner.
You will see this message:
):.Click Continue and then restart the Macintosh.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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, CHAPTER 2
Gateway Configuration
7This chapter shows how to complete the following tasks:
Select a NameServer for the
QuickMessenger extension
):+Add the QuickMail service to your Key Chain
):)Supply the required gateway configuration
):4Send a test message to verify that the gateway works
Choosing a NameServer
*XGThe QuickMessenger extension must be associated with a NameServer that
*2Fhas information about your QuickMail login account. On some networks,
*2Hall NameServers are updated to contain information about all user login
*2Maccounts, but this is a configuration issue that can differ from one site to
*2Hanother. If you are not sure which NameServer system to choose, ask the
QuickMail administrator.
):4Open the Macintosh Chooser and click QuickMessenger.
):0Select a NameServer and then close the Chooser.
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Gateway Configuration
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
FIGURE 4
9Select a NameServer that has information about your login
-Adding the QuickMail Service to the Key Chain
*YGIf you would like an introduction to the Key Chain, see your PowerTalk
*2EUser
s Guide. To add the QuickMail Service to your Key Chain, follow
these steps:
Open the Key Chain.
):-If you use a PowerTalk access code, enter it.
):"Click Add in the Key Chain window.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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-Adding the QuickMail Service to the Key Chain
):EIn the dialog that opens, select QuickMail Service and then click OK.
M@A new service item labeled
Not Configured
appears in your Key
Chain.
):JDouble-click in the Service field of the new item, or select the item and
*46click Open, to open the gateway configuration window (
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Gateway configuration window
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Gateway Configuration
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Required gateway configuration
*\0These are the configuration parameters shown in
FIGURE 5
):!Required mail account information
*>BYou must enter your QuickMail login name and password, and choose
*2Bthe MailCenter you log into and the zone in which it resides. See
Required mail account information
on page 18
):0Delete mail from server when placed in
In Tray
*?FBy default, this option is checked. It instructs PT/QM to delete your
*2Dmessages from the QuickMail server after downloading them to the In
Tray. See
The delete mail from server option
on page 19
Mail reader
*?FBy default, the AppleMail application is opened when you double-click
*4)a QuickMail message in your In Tray. See
Selecting a mail reader
page 20
Gateway connect times
*?BThese options define when PT/QM connects to the QuickMail server.
Gateway connect times
on page 20
QuickMessenger Selection
*?DThese display fields show the selected NameServer and its zone. See
Choosing a NameServer
on page 15
for details.
State
*ADThis display field indicates the state of the gateway software. See
State field
on page 21
!Required mail account information
*HFTo supply the required mail account configuration, follow these steps:
):<Type your QuickMail login name in the Login Name edit field.
*?EIf your last name does not include a space (such as
Van Gogh
), you
*2Ecan just type your first name and last name exactly as it appears in
QuickMail, for example:
Courier
David Livingstone
/However, if you have a two-part last name, you
enter your name
using this syntax:
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Required gateway configuration
Courier
^ last-name
first-name
for example:
Van Gogh|Vincent
MIThere are no spaces around the vertical bar (|) that separates your last
*2Gname from your first name. To insert the vertical bar character, press
Shift-\. See
Advanced: Internal address representation
on page 55
for
more information about the
U last-name
first-name
syntax.
):>If you use a password to connect to QuickMail, click Password.
*>FIn the dialog box that opens, type the password you use to connect to
*2Gyour QuickMail MailCenter, confirm it, and then click OK. If you don
*2Ghave a password and you open the dialog, just leave it blank and click
Click MailCenter.
*>KIn the dialog box that opens, select the Online MailCenter you log into to
*2!use QuickMail, and then click OK.
FIGURE 6
Select your MailCenter
JThe name of the MailCenter and the zone in which it resides appear in the
*2?QuickMail Account Information area of the configuration window.
"The delete mail from server option
*IGWhen checked, this option tells PT/QM to delete your messages from the
*2IQuickMail server after downloading them to the In Tray. This option also
*2Haffects how PT/QM handles your existing, read messages on the QuickMail
*2Eserver
when checked, all mail is downloaded to the In Tray (and then
*25deleted from the server) at the next connect session.
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Gateway Configuration
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
5If you have many messages in your QuickMail account,
Ddownloading them all can take a while, consume a great deal of disk
*2Espace, and affect performance on the Macintosh while the download is
*2Jtaking place. In addition, if PT/QM finds less than 2 MB free disk space,
*2Cit disables itself and flags a problem report in your In Tray. See
PowerTalk problem reports
on page 64
for details.
IIf you uncheck this option, your existing read messages will not be down-
*2Hloaded at all unless you use the Download All Messages option described
page 13
A. New mail will be downloaded to your In Tray as it is received,
Lbut it will not be deleted from the server. Eventually, your account on the
*2'QuickMail server will grow quite large.
Selecting a mail reader
*HJYou can select any mail-enabled application to be used automatically when
*2Iyou double-click a QuickMail message in your In Tray. Follow these steps:
Click Select.
A dialog opens like the one in
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
*Choosing a default mail reader application
):BSelect a mail-enabled application such as QuickMail AOCE and then
click Open.
Gateway connect times
*HEGateway connect times determine how frequently PT/QM will connect to
*2Kthe QuickMail system to check for incoming mail, and how long it will wait
*2>to connect to the QuickMail system to send your outgoing mail.
):HLeave the default 10 or type a smaller number in the Connect Times edit
field.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Required gateway configuration
MAThis number represents the minimum number of minutes the gateway
*2Fwaits before connecting to the QuickMail server when there is no pend-
*2Hing outgoing mail. If there is no mail to exchange either way, it takes
*2Ivery little time for the gateway to connect to QuickMail, so it is appro-
*2&priate to configure a short time here.
):DMake sure the option labeled
Send outgoing immediately
is checked.
*?GThe
Send outgoing immediately
option tells the gateway to connect to
*2Ethe QuickMail system immediately when there is outgoing mail in your
*2EOut Tray. When the connection is made, any incoming mail waiting for
*2Iyou in the QuickMail system is placed in the In Tray at that time. Check-
ing this option is recommended.
*>JIf this option is not checked, the gateway waits for the specified number
*2Fof minutes (10 by default) and then connects to QuickMail to send and
receive mail.
The State field
*H1The State field can contain one of these strings:
Table 1 Software states
Genesis
5This state is shown when the PMSAM has been created,
*.!before PT/QM has been configured.
Close Window and
Reboot
;This state occurs after updating to a later release of the
*.6PMSAM. It indicates that you must close the configura-
*.6tion window and restart the Macintosh to activate the
updated software.
Loaded
4The
Loaded
state is normal
it means that PT/QM is
*.8present as a background process. The gateway is not nec-
*.<essarily running, it could be idle waiting for the next con-
*.#nect time or outgoing mail message.
Not Loaded
9This state indicates that PT/QM is not running as a back-
*-6ground process. It appears normally if you reopen the
*.8configuration window right after changing an option and
*.9closing the window, or if your key file specifies a site
*.:license and the connect interval is greater than five min-
*.4utes. Otherwise, it indicates an abnormal situation.
Bad Configuration
;This state indicates that the information contained in the
*-5PowerTalk Setup Preferences file for the PT/QM PMSAM
is incorrect. See
Bad Configuration in the state field
page 61
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Gateway Configuration
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
&Activating or deactivating the gateway
*YJAfter you have entered the required configuration data, the configuration
*5-window looks something like the one shown in
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8
Basic configuration
LThe gateway has not yet been activated. To activate it, close the configura-
*2'tion window by clicking the close box,
or pr
essing Command-w
JIt may take a few seconds for the window to close, as PowerTalk activates
*2Fall of the personal gateway subsystems. When the configuration window
*2Bcloses, PT/QM executes a connect session
QuickMessenger logs into
*2GQuickMail using the information you specified in the configuration win-
*2Mdow. If the information you supplied is correct and the login is successful,
*2Gthe name of the Online MailCenter and your QuickMail name are shown in
the Key Chain (
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 9
"QuickMail Service in the Key Chain
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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&Activating or deactivating the gateway
AIf you see an alert when you close the configuration window, see
Gateway
0installation or configuration errors
on page 63
KTo deactivate the gateway temporarily, so that no mail is sent or received
*2Gbut PT/QM remains loaded and present in the system, follow these steps:
):8Open the Special menu in the Finder and choose
m at.
This dialog opens:
M FIGURE 10
$Temporarily deactivating the gateway
):GUncheck the QuickMail mail connection (click in the check box) to deac-
tivate the gateway.
To re-activate the gateway,
):8Open the Special menu in the Finder and choose
m at.
):ICheck the QuickMail mail connection (click in the check box) to turn the
*2Hgateway back on. When the gateway is activated in this way, it executes
a connect session immediately.
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Sending a test message
*YKThe best way to make sure that the gateway is working is to send a message
*2Ito your own QuickMail account. As long as the gateway connect times have
*2Hbeen configured as described above (to send outgoing mail immediately),
*2?the entire verification procedure will take only a few moments.
*d2To send a message to yourself, follow these steps:
):HOpen a mail-enabled application by double clicking the application icon.
)::Type a subject such as
test message
and a brief message.
):9Click the Recipients button to open an addressing window.
):ISelect the magnifying glass icon at the left of the addressing window to
open the Find Addresses pane.
):&Select QuickMail in the Search pop-up.
):GType the first few letters of your QuickMail login name (First or Last
*23name)
for example, type
, and then click Find.
FIGURE 11
Using the Find Addresses pane
@When you click Find, QuickMessenger queries the NameServer data-
*2%base for the characters you entered.
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MFAll addresses that contain those characters in the First of Last name
*24fields will be displayed in the Find Address window.
M FIGURE 12
5A list of user addresses containing the search string
):HDouble click on your address to add it to the Recipients list, and then
*2$click Done in the addressing window.
*>DIf your address is not returned in the Find Addresses window, Quick-
*2FMessenger was either unable to reach the NameServer (for example, the
*2DNameServer system might be down), or the NameServer selected in the
*21Chooser does not
know about
your login account.
*?GIf some entries are returned but your name is not among them, then the
*2IFind interface is working, but the selected NameServer did not find your
*4/name. Open the Chooser and repeat the steps in
Choosing a
NameServer
on page 15
*. If you are not sure which NameServer to
M(choose, ask the QuickMail administrator.
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):HChoose Send in the Mail menu, and then click the Send button in the dia-
log that opens.
FIGURE 13
+Sending a verification message to QuickMail
Zapf Dingbats
<Make sure that the message is sent in AppleMail format. See
QuickMail user receives a blank message
on page 60
for related issues.
FWhen you click Send, the gateway logs in to QuickMail using the login
*2Hname, password, and MailCenter specified in the configuration. After it
*2Ehas logged in, it sends the message to your QuickMail account. While
*2Jthe session is still open, it checks for any mail and places incoming mes-
*2Fsages in your In Tray. After a few moments, the mail should appear in
your In Tray.
FIGURE 14
&A new message in the PowerTalk In Tray
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):JDouble click the message to open it. You should see a text representation
of the message, like this:
M FIGURE 15
.A text representation of the QuickMail message
0If the message doesn
t appear in your In Tray.
If the message doesn
Oappear in your In Tray, there are several possible explanations. It
s possible
*2Ethat the gateway software was unable to log into QuickMail using the
*2Kaccount information in its configuration window, or that the MailCenter is
*2Idown. If you typed in an address (instead of using Find Addresses), it
*2(possible that the address was incorrect.
Check your Out Tray.
6If the message doesn
t appear in your In Tray after a
Afew moments, open your Out Tray. (Choose Out Tray in the Mailbox
*2Jmenu.) If you see a problem alert button in the upper-right corner of the
Out Tray window, click it.
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A problem report window opens:
FIGURE 16
Problem report window
PowerTalk problem reports
on page 64
for details on the messages
+you might see in the problem report window.
*d'Message status
waiting
in Out Tray.
!If the message status in the Out
MTray is
waiting
, the message has not been sent to QuickMail. If there is a
*2Hproblem alert button in the upper-right corner of the window, click it.
*KEChoose
Send Now
from the Mailbox menu. Then, open the log file and
check for error messages. See
Checking the log file
on page 67
$Message status
in Out Tray.
&If the message status in the Out Tray
done,
QuickMessenger has successfully logged in to QuickMail and
*2&extracted the message from PowerTalk.
*KMLog into your QuickMail account and see if the test message is there. If you
*2Ldo not see the test message in your QuickMail mail account, check the login
*4"name and password you configured (
Required mail account information
on page 18
@). If they are correct, send another message from PowerTalk and
see if it triggers the download.
*KKAlso, make sure that there is more than 2 MB of free disk space on the Mac-
*2Kintosh. If the gateway determines that the Macintosh has less than 2 MB of
*2?disk space left, it will not retrieve messages from QuickMail.
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State field.
If the
)h8Status field goes quickly from
Not Loaded
Loaded
Eand back again to
Not Loaded,
check the log file for messages. See
Checking the log file
on page 67
Check installation.
6If the test message doesn
t appear in your In Tray or
IQuickMail account, it
s possible that PT/QM was not installed correctly.
*2DTry removing the QuickMail Service from the Key Chain and adding it
*47again. If necessary, remove the software, described in
How to remove the
gateway software
on page 71
, and then re-install it
Zapf Dingbats
>Before you remove PT/QM from the Key Chain, copy the contents
M!of your In Tray to a folder. See
Mail is deleted when you remove
PT/QM
on page 62
for related issues.
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, CHAPTER 3
Managing QuickMail Addresses
FThis chapter shows how to manage QuickMail addresses in the PowerTalk
*2Jenvironment. It describes how to create personal catalogs from your Quick-
*2EMail address books and how to add a new QuickMail address entry to a
*2Kpersonal catalog. It also shows how to create individual address templates
*2;on the Desktop for QuickMail addresses you use frequently.
-Creating personal catalogs from address books
*YDAfter you use the
Import QM Address Books
application, your Quick-
*2CMail address books are available as personal catalogs in PowerTalk.
!Importing QuickMail address books
*HCQuickMail normally stores address books in a folder named
Address
*2IBooks
within a folder named
QuickMail Stuff
in the Preferences folder
*2Bwithin the System Folder. The Import QM Address Books application
*20expects to find address books in that location.
Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
8If QuickMail is installed on a different Macintosh than
MDPowerTalk, you must copy the entire
QuickMail Stuff
folder to the
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FPreferences folder within the System Folder on the local startup disk
*2:before you launch the Import QM Address Books application.
1To import your address books, follow these steps:
):%Double-click Import QM Address Books.
*>HOpen the Mail*Link Extras folder at the top level of the Macintosh disk
*2Hand launch the application. A dialog opens that lists all of your Quick-
Mail address books (
FIGURE 17
)). If your address books are not listed,
Hthey were not found in the expected location, as explained in the impor-
tant note immediately above.
FIGURE 17
List of QuickMail address books
):,Select the address books you want to import.
*>CShift-click to select multiple discontiguous books in the list, or
*2HOption-click to select a range of multiple address books. Or, press Com-
*2 mand-a to select the whole list.
Click Create Personal Catalog.
*>IA dialog opens in which you can specify the location of the personal cat-
alogs.
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-Creating personal catalogs from address books
M FIGURE 18
5Selecting the location for your new personal catalogs
):DSelect the folder in which you want to store your personal catalogs.
*?EIf you want to create a new folder, click the New Folder button. The
*2Iapplication creates a new folder, opens the folder, and shows the folder
name as the current selection.
Click Select.
*?HThe application imports all addresses in the selected QuickMail address
*2Gbooks to PowerTalk and creates personal catalogs. Each catalog has the
*2%same name as its source address book.
)Imported addresses requiring modification
*HGMost QuickMail addresses are imported directly into the PowerTalk cata-
*2Elog and are usable without any modification. However, some addresses
*2Gthat require routing to other mail systems might use addressing conven-
*2Gtions that are not supported by the QuickMessenger extension. For exam-
*2Aple, an at-sign (@) in the First name field is supported by some
*2EQuickMail-to-SMTP gateways, but is not recognized by the QuickMessen-
*dKIf an at-sign is found in the First name field of an entry and the Address
*2Ifield is empty, the
Import QM Address Books
application copies the con-
*2Itents of the First name field to the Address field and then converts the
Courier
/the First name field to an asterisk character (
). When it modifies an
+address in this way, it displays an alert (
FIGURE 19
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FIGURE 19
)Some imported addresses need modification
Zapf Dingbats
FIGURE 19
9 states that a modification occurred in the address book
Enamed
contacts.qm.
If you are importing several address books, you
*2Bshould remember or write down the names of the address books that
cause the alert.
-Fixing address entries in an imported catalog
*HITo manually check addresses that were modified while being imported, fol-
low these steps:
):DIn the Finder, open the personal catalog named in the alert message.
FIGURE 20
Opening a personal catalog
GA bullet character precedes addresses that need to be checked, such as
*57the last address in the
contacts.qm
catalog shown in
FIGURE 20
):DDouble-click the bulleted address to open that user
s business card.
*?EChoose Electronic Addresses in the pop-up, and then double-click the
Name field.
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-Creating personal catalogs from address books
M FIGURE 21
Opening a bulleted entry
):>Change the incorrect fields in the QuickMail address template.
M FIGURE 22
Changing an incorrect entry
)0 FIGURE 22
<, the First name field has been translated and the original
MEInternet address has been preserved in the Address field. To fix the
*2Dentry, change the name fields to contain a valid QuickMail name and
*2%make sure the Address field is valid.
):-Close the template by clicking the close box.
Zapf Dingbats
=When you close the template, the gateway software performs a
M&minimal audit on the information. See
Error checking in the QuickMail
address template
on page 47
for details.
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)Reusing addresses from QuickMail messages
*YGOne easy way to store QuickMail addresses for reuse is to copy a Quick-
*2KMail address from the From or Recipients field of a mail message to a cata-
*2Flog or the Desktop. For information about creating catalog entries or
*58address templates in other standard PowerTalk ways, see
Using the
&QuickMail address template
on page 46
1Copying a QuickMail address to a personal catalog
*HGTo drag a QuickMail address from the From or Recipient field of a mail
*2Jmessage to your personal catalog, first open the mail message. Then, open
*28your catalog and drag the address to the catalog window.
FIGURE 23
3Adding a QuickMail address to your personal catalog
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)Reusing addresses from QuickMail messages
1Creating an address template from a reply address
*HDWhen you receive a QuickMail message from someone you are likely to
*2Ncontact in the future, you can create an individual address template for that
*26user by dragging the address to the Macintosh Desktop.
M FIGURE 24
Creating an address template
HYou can use the address stored in the template by dragging it from your
*22Desktop to the Recipients field of a mail message.
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, CHAPTER 4
Finding QuickMail Addresses
FThe Catalog Service Access Module (CSAM) in PT/QM enables you to look
*2Fup QuickMail addresses in the NameServer database. You can access the
*2#CSAM by using one of these methods:
):9Use the Find Addresses pane in a mail-enabled application
): Use the Find in Catalog command
Using the Find Addresses pane
*XFWhen you use the Find Address pane in a mail-enabled application, you
*2Kcan add the
found
address directly to the recipient list of the message.
*2JThis example shows the AppleMail application, but the steps are basically
*2=the same in any mail-enabled application. Follow these steps:
):>Open the mail-enabled application by double-clicking its icon.
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0A window opens showing the standard mail fields:
FIGURE 25
Mail fields in AppleMail
):9Click the Recipients button to open an addressing window.
):FSelect the magnifying glass icon in the addressing window to open the
Find Address pane.
FIGURE 26
The Find Address pane
):&Select QuickMail in the Search pop-up.
*><Choosing QuickMail causes the search to be performed on the
*2HNameServer selected in the Chooser. If you prefer, you can specify that
*2Dthe search should take place on all Catalogs or everywhere, but the
*2"search operation will take longer.
):KType the first few letters of a user
s name (First or Last name), for exam-
*29ple, type
for a user named
Tom Biddulph.
Click Find.
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Using the Find Addresses pane
MIAll names that include the string you specified will be displayed in the
Find Address window.
):GDouble-click on a name or select it and click the To button to add the
name to the Recipients list.
):IIf you want to include another recipient, replace the search string with
*23another name, such as
, and click Find again.
Click Done.
*>6The Recipients field contains the addresses you added:
M FIGURE 27
Multiple QuickMail recipients
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Changing a recipient
s status
*HITo change one of the recipients to
status, double-click on
*2Ithe recipient
s name. The information displayed will look something like
this:
FIGURE 28
Sending a CC copy
LClick the CC or BCC radio button to change the recipient
s status, and then
click OK. See
QuickMail addresses obtained in a Find
on page 56
for
*details about the Address format shown in
FIGURE 28
Removing a recipient
*HJIf you need to remove a recipient, highlight it in the recipient list and
*2Gchoose Undo Address in the Edit menu. Or, you can drag the highlighted
recipient to the Trash.
!Using the Find in Catalog command
*YHThe Find in Catalog command finds user entries in the selected catalog.
*2LLike business cards, catalog entries can include more information than just
the users
e-mail addresses.
*dFWhen you find a user
s catalog entry by using the Find in Catalog com-
*2Lmand, you can create an alias for the item by dragging it to the Desktop or
*2Nto a personal catalog. The entry will be italicized, indicating that it is an
*2Nalias rather than a local copy of information. An alias that includes a Quick-
*2HMail address will be validated in the NameServer database each time you
*2Iuse the alias. While this validation process ensures the address will be
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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!Using the Find in Catalog command
Hup-to-date, it can involve some performance penalty on a large network.
Address aliases that no longer work
on page 62
for related issues.
IAlternatively, you can drag just the e-mail address portion of a catalog
*2Jentry to your Desktop, creating an address template that can then be modi-
*2Mfied. Address templates are local copies of an item, which are no longer val-
idated in the NameServer. See
Creating an address template from a reply
address
on page 37
for more details.
7To use the Find in Catalog command, follow these steps:
):#Launch the Find in Catalog command.
*>EDepending on which system the Macintosh is running, the Find in Cata-
*2Elog command is usually in the Apple (
) menu or one of its submenus.
*?!The Find in Catalog window opens:
M FIGURE 29
Find in Catalog window
):EChoose the type of search you want to execute (such as Users) in the
Find pop-up.
):HChoose the catalog you want to search (such as QuickMail, All Catalogs,
*2Dor Everywhere). The QuickMail catalog is the NameServer selected in
the Chooser.
):JEnter the first few characters of the first or last name you want to find
and then click Find.
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IFor each user in the selected catalog whose name contains the characters
*2Hyou specified, an entry will be returned. Depending on which catalog is
*2Bbeing searched, the entry may include e-mail addresses, phone num-
bers, and other information.
):1Double-click on a user
s name to open that entry.
):*Choose Electronic Addresses in the pop-up.
):EDouble-click on the Name field in the Electronic Addresses window to
*2&view the fields of the user
s address.
FIGURE 30
QuickMail address template
Using the QuickMail address template
on page 46
for information
Kabout using this template to specify an address manually if you can
t find
the address in a catalog.
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, CHAPTER 5
Typing In QuickMail Addresses
?The Personal Messaging System Access Module (PMSAM) contains a
*2HQuickMail Address Template that enables you to specify addresses in the
*2GQuickMail system or beyond. (The gateway gives you access to QuickMail
*2Eand to all other mail systems to which you had access when using the
*2GQuickMail application. So, if you could send mail to the Internet from
*2BQuickMail, you can now send mail to the Internet from PowerTalk.)
*dBYou can type in QuickMail addresses by using one of these methods:
):>Use the QuickMail Address Template to add entries to a catalog
):<Use the Type-In Addresses pane in a mail-enabled application
Zapf Dingbats
8We recommend that you always create catalog entries for
M?addresses in other mail systems by using the QuickMail Address
*2JTemplate. If you decide to type in the
foreign
address directly instead
*2Gof using the QuickMail Address Template to create a catalog entry, you
*2Cmust be aware of the internal format in which QuickMail expects to
receive addresses. See
Advanced: Internal address representation
page 55
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$Using the QuickMail address template
*YCThis section shows two ways to open the QuickMail Address Template
*2Kwithin a catalog. You can copy an existing catalog entry (one whose
*2Ifield is
QuickMail address
) and then modify it, or you can choose
*2?User
in the Catalogs menu and create a new entry from scratch.
$About the QuickMail address template
*H0The QuickMail Address Template has these fields:
First name
*?IThe QuickMail system always requires the first name field in an address.
*2?It is the only field that must always be present in an address.
): Last name
*?LIf the local QuickMail configuration does not use last names, this field is
*27not required. If the last name is used, it is required.
MailCenter
*?FThe MailCenter field is required only for addresses in other mail sys-
*2Dtems or if two QuickMail users have the same name in different Mail-
*2BCenters. When specified for an address in another mail system, it
*2=represents the name of the gateway MailCenter to that system.
): Zone name
*?HThe Zone field is required only for addresses in other mail systems. It
*2Cmust specify the AppleTalk zone in which the gateway MailCenter is
located.
Address
*?KThe Address field is required only for addresses in other mail systems. It
*2;must specify the full destination address of the recipient.
IIf any of the template
s fields are empty other than the Last name field
*2G(which might be optional at your site), the address is assumed to be a
*2EQuickMail address known to the NameServer. QuickMessenger checks the
*2MNameServer database to validate the user
s name, and if it is not found, the
mail is returned to the sender.
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$Using the QuickMail address template
0Error checking in the QuickMail address template
*HBWhen you close the QuickMail Address Template after specifying an
*2Iaddress, a minimal internal audit is performed on the address. The audit
*2Jchecks that the First name field contains information and that the number
*4Cof characters in each field are within QuickMail restrictions (see
Quick-
$Mail address constraints
on page 56
'), but it does not attempt to validate
*the address as a legal QuickMail address.
'If the audit fails, an error dialog is
displayed, for example:
M FIGURE 31
Address audit failed
IIf you click Stop in the error dialog, you are returned to the QuickMail
*27address template, where you can modify the information.
*dLIf you click Continue, the incorrect template information is discarded, but
*2Jonly after you close the catalog entry. Instead of immediately discarding
*2Kthe incorrect information, PowerTalk temporarily caches it until you close
*2Lthe catalog entry. This can have an unexpected effect
if you click Continue
*2Hand then double click the catalog entry again to open the template, the
*2Mincorrect values are still there. They will be discarded only when you close
the catalog entry.
0Copying and modifying an QuickMail catalog entry
*IKTo copy an existing QuickMail address entry and then modify it to create a
*2&new catalog entry, follow these steps:
Open a personal catalog.
):CSelect an entry that contains a QuickMail address, and then choose
*2$Duplicate in the Finder
s File menu.
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Typing In QuickMail Addresses
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FIGURE 32
'Duplicating an existing QuickMail entry
):0Type the name of the new user in the Name field.
):DOpen the new entry and then double-click the name field to open the
QuickMail address template.
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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$Using the QuickMail address template
Enter the new user
s address.
M FIGURE 33
Example QuickMail address
Zapf Dingbats
:The QuickMail Address Template automatically converts the
MFinformation you type into the internal address format expected by the
*2JQuickMessenger extension. So, you can just type the user
s first and last
*2:name, even if the last name contains a space, as shown in
q FIGURE 34
M FIGURE 34
+Two-part last names handled in the template
Creating a new catalog user
*HHTo add one or more QuickMail addresses to a catalog, follow these steps:
"2)J)
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Open a personal catalog.
Create a new user.
FIGURE 35
+Adding a user address to a personal catalog
):0Type the name of the new user in the Name field.
):DOpen the new entry and select Electronic Address in the pop-up menu.
Click Add.
):@Select QuickMail Address in the next dialog, and then click Add.
FIGURE 36
+Creating a new QuickMail entry in a catalog
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$Using the QuickMail address template
):8Type the user
s name in the Electronic Addresses window.
):>Double-click the icon to open the QuickMail address template (
FIGURE
M FIGURE 37
QuickMail Address template
):GHighlight the text in the edit fields and type the appropriate address.
Using the QuickMail address template
on page 46
for more
details.
Close the address template.
Close the catalog entry.
,Specifying an address in another mail system
*HJThis example shows how to type in an Internet address, which requires the
*2Fpresence of an SMTP gateway within the local QuickMail configuration.
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Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
; The easiest and most reliable way to specify addresses in
Canother mail system is to use the QuickMail Address Template. When
*2Dyou use the template, the address is converted automatically to the
internal address format.
CIn this example, the SMTP gateway MailCenter name is MAC_SMTP. Fol-
low these steps:
):$Open the QuickMail Address Template.
Creating a new catalog user
on page 49
if you
re not sure how to
open the template.
):IClick the MailCenters button in the template to open a list of zones and
*2+QuickMail MailCenters on the local network.
):;Choose the SMTP gateway MailCenter (MAC_SMTP is an example
name) and click OK.
FIGURE 38
$Choosing the SMTP gateway MailCenter
JThe MailCenter and Zone fields in the template will be filled in with the
information you selected.
):$Type the user
s first and last name.
*?HFor example, type
in the First name field and
Smith
in the Last
name field.
):<Type the user
s full QuickMail address in the Address field.
*?GThe user
s full address in the foreign mail system must be included in
*28the Address field. For example, type
joe@starnine.com
0#32f`
0330~`
0330``
1332b`
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
Using the Type-In Addresses pane
M FIGURE 39
5 shows a complete QuickMail address in the QuickMail
M=address template. Notice that all fields contain information:
M FIGURE 39
,An Internet address routed through QuickMail
Close the address template.
Close the catalog entry.
Using the Type-In Addresses pane
*YGThe Type-In Addresses pane lets you manually type the address for your
*2Jmail. The address you type is passed directly to QuickMail, so it must be
*2=typed in a format that QuickMail accepts. Follow these steps:
):FClick the Recipients button in the mail interface of any mail-enabled
application.
The Addressing pane opens (
h FIGURE 40
B"D@"!
<f`<|x
Ff`ff1
>f`ff1
ff`~f1
DFff``f1
ffbbf1
>f<<f
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Typing In QuickMail Addresses
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
FIGURE 40
Opening the addressing pane
):ESelect the pencil icon at the left of the window to open the Type-in
Addressing pane:
FIGURE 41
!Using the Type-In Addressing pane
):2Type the user
s address in the Address edit field.
*?GIf you are addressing mail to a user whose last name doesn
t contain a
*2Fspace, you can type in the address by specifying the user
s QuickMail
login name, for example:
Courier
S Joe Smith
Gor if the local QuickMail configuration does not use last names, simply
FHowever, if the user
s last name includes a space character, you must
*2Ispecify the last name first, followed by a pipe character and the user
first name, for example:
Van Gogh|Vincent
J)J )H
D)HI)@
92PNH
:B)JR
JB)JQ
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
)Advanced: Internal address representation
Zapf Dingbats
IMPORTANT:
S0 We recommend that you always use the QuickMail
MGaddress template to enter addresses in other mail systems. However, if
*2Fyou want to type in such addresses directly, make sure you supply all
*2Bfive required fields and that you use the internal address format
described in
Advanced: Internal address representation,
below
):FDouble click the name or select it and click the To button to add the
*23name to the Recipients list in your e-mail message.
Click Done.
)Advanced: Internal address representation
*YGIf you use the QuickMail Address Template to specify addresses, you do
*2Knot need to use the internal representation described in this section. The
*2Gtemplate converts the information you type into the proper format auto-
matically.
*KEPT/QM uses the following syntax for addresses that must be passed to
*22QuickMail directly (addresses that are typed in):
Courier
first
mailcenter
address
JFields enclosed in brackets are optional
the brackets are not part of the
*2'address syntax shown immediately above.
The five fields listed in
About the QuickMail address template
on page 46
Oare represented in this syntax, with only the First name field required in all
*2Kaddresses. Notice that there are no space characters between the Last name
and the First name fields.
*d*The following literal characters are used:
" (Shift-\) precedes the First name
precedes the MailCenter name
):(a space character precedes the zone name
" precedes the e-mail Address field
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Typing In QuickMail Addresses
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
QuickMail address constraints
*HJThe total length of an address passed to QuickMail cannot exceed 156 char-
*2Oacters. In addition, the following constraints are placed on the fields within
QuickMail addresses:
):CThe user name field (a combination of the First Name and Last Name
*2Kfields) must be between one and thirty characters. The vertical bar is not
*22counted as one of the characters in the user name.
):HThe MailCenter field, if present, must be between one and thirteen char-
*2Jacters. It can contain the alphanumeric characters a
z and 0-9 as well as
*2Bunderscores. It cannot contain spaces or international characters.
):FThe Zone field, if present, must be between one and thirty-one charac-
*2@ters. QuickMail does not work correctly with 32 character zones.
):@The Address field, if present, can contain up to 110 characters.
&QuickMail addresses obtained in a Find
*HLWhen you find a QuickMail address using a Find interface, all of the fields
*2Lneeded to deliver the mail are present in the address. The gateway software
*2Lconverts those fields internally to use the address syntax described above.
*2JWhen you double click on an address in a mail recipient list, you see the
*2"internal representation displayed:
FIGURE 42
Internal address representation
-QuickMail addresses specified in the template
*HIWhen you specify a QuickMail address in the address template, the fields
*2Jare automatically converted into the internal address representation. For
*5/example, if you enter the information shown in
7 FIGURE 43
@ET"g
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
)Advanced: Internal address representation
M FIGURE 43
"Example QuickMail address template
3The internal representation of the fields shown in
FIGURE 43
will be:
Courier
^-Smith|Joe@BID_QM Danger Zone:joe@starnine.com
+QuickMail addresses that are typed manually
)Q last-name
first-name
* syntax is required in the gateway to sup-
>port users whose last name includes a space character, such as
Van Gogh|Vincent
KA space character is ordinarily used as a delimiter between the First name
*2Jand Last name fields, which precluded users with two-part last names. The
*2,internal address syntax solves this anomaly.
*dKIf you type in an address for a user whose last name includes a space char-
*20acter, you must use the internal address syntax:
first
mailcenter
address
For example:
+KT#Van Gogh|Vincent@BID_QM Danger Zone
#3033
Bs330?3
B#33003
33113
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Typing In QuickMail Addresses
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
&However, if the user
s last name does
)8$ include a space character, you can
use the more ordinary
first-name last-name
syntax when typing in
addresses:
Courier
first
mailcenter
address
FFor example, to type in an address to a user named
Joe Smith
at the
*2=BID_QM MailCenter located in the
Danger Zone,
you can type:
Joe Smith@BID_QM Danger Zone
or simply
Joe@BID_QM Danger Zone
1If you type a valid QuickMail address using the
first-name last-name
Ftax shown immediately above, the gateway does not convert it into the
*2Jinternal representation. Instead it uses the alternate syntax shown below:
FIGURE 44
/Alternate syntax when valid address is typed in
HD)JX
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
, CHAPTER 6
Solving Problems
HThis chapter describes some problems you might see when using Mail*Link
*2EQM for PowerTalk, and shows the problem reporting mechanisms used by
the software.
PowerTalk and PT/QM problems
*YLIf the gateway does not appear to be functioning, first check for a problem
report in the In Tray. See
PowerTalk problem reports
on page 64
KThe gateway will not function at all if you are not currently logged in to
*2JPowerTalk. So, if you have just started your Macintosh or you have locked
*2Myour identity, the gateway will be unable to send or receive mail to or from
QuickMail.
*Mail returned with
thumbs down
indicator
*HLIf a message is returned to your Out Tray with an
through its icon, dou-
*2Pble-click the message to open it. If one of the recipient addresses is preceded
*2Fby a
thumbs down
icon, double-click on the thumbs-down indicator to
*27open a window containing information about the problem.
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Solving Problems
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
thumbs down
problem is usually either an invalid address or invalid
*2Fmessage format. Depending on which message you see in the problem win-
*2Ldow, either verify the recipient address or make sure that you sent the mes-
sage in AppleMail format.
FIGURE 45
(AppleMail format selected in pop-up menu
KIf you are sure that the QuickMail address is correct and AppleMail format
*2%was used, try removing the QuickMail
service
from the Key Chain by open-
Jing the Key Chain, selecting the service, and clicking the Remove button.
*57Then, add the QuickMail service again, as described in
Adding the Quick-
)Mail Service to the Key Chain
on page 16
Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
7 Before you remove PT/QM, copy the contents of your In
Tray to a folder. See
Mail is deleted when you remove PT/QM
on page
for related issues.
KIf the problem persists, try removing PT/QM and then re-installing it. See
How to remove the gateway software
on page 71
PIf the mail is still returned after you have verified the address and tried the
*2Isteps above, you should remove the PowerTalk Setup Preferences file from
*2GSystem Folder:Preferences and then add the QuickMail service back into
*2Hthe Key Chain. If removing the PowerTalk Setup Preferences file doesn
*2-help, you might have to re-install PowerTalk.
'QuickMail user receives a blank message
*HLPT/QM requires that all outgoing mail is in AppleMail format or, if you are
*2Drunning the QuickMail AOCE application, in QuickMail format. If you
*2=need to send a message in some other format supported by the
330332
330330
30330ffg
30330
30332
0#32f`
0330~`
0330``
1332b`
)$RR
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
PowerTalk and PT/QM problems
Jmail-enabled application you are using, check the Multiple Formats option
*4 in the Send dialog, as shown in
[ FIGURE 46
M FIGURE 46
Multiple mail formats
CAs long as the AppleMail format (or QuickMail format) is included,
*2FPT/QM can forward the message. Otherwise, the recipient may receive a
blank message.
$Bad Configuration in the state field
*HJThe
Bad Configuration
state indicates that the information contained in
*2Ethe PowerTalk Setup Preferences file for the PT/QM PMSAM is incorrect
Try removing the QuickMail
service
# from the Key Chain by opening the
LKey Chain, selecting the service, and clicking the Remove button. Then, add
*54the service to the Key Chain again, as described in
Adding the QuickMail
$Service to the Key Chain
on page 16
Zapf Dingbats
MPORTANT
7 Before you remove PT/QM, copy the contents of your In
Tray to a folder. See
Mail is deleted when you remove PT/QM
on page
for related issues.
LIf the condition still persists, you should remove the PowerTalk Setup Pref-
*2Gerences file from System Folder:Preferences and then add the QuickMail
*2Gservice back into the Key Chain. If the problem persists, try removing
*5%PT/QM and then re-installing it. See
How to remove the gateway soft-
on page 71
330332
330330
30330ffg
30330
30332
HH3>>1
0#32f`
0330~`
0330``
1332b`
P(3>>1
HH0|<|8
8fFfd
)$RR
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Solving Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
#Address aliases that no longer work
*HHWhen you use the Find in Catalog command to find addresses, you can cre-
*2Jate an alias by dragging the entire business card to your Desktop or to a
personal catalog.
*dHFor aliases that represent QuickMail addresses, PowerTalk asks the CSAM
*2J(Find interface) to validate the address each time the alias is used. The
*2DCSAM will do this by querying the NameServer database each time you
*2Odouble-click the alias to access the information or use the address. There are
*23two situations in which the NameServer query fails:
):CIf any of the address fields in the alias have been changed in the
*21NameServer database, the entry will not be found.
):FIf a different NameServer has been selected for QuickMessenger in the
*2CChooser, and the new NameServer does not contain the same entries,
the entry will not be found.
KIf a different NameServer has been selected in the Chooser and you need to
*2Fuse the alias, open the Chooser and select the NameServer that
knows
*2Eabout
the address you need. If you are not sure which NameServer to
*2(choose, ask the QuickMail administrator.
*dJIf the same NameServer is in use, you need to create a new alias for that
*2Maddress. First, discard the alias that no longer works by dragging it to the
*2JTrash. Then, use the Find in Catalog command again, locate the entry, and
create a new alias.
%Mail is deleted when you remove PT/QM
*HDOnce you have installed a personal gateway such as Mail*Link QM for
*2HPowerTalk in the Key Chain, if you subsequently remove the gateway from
*2Hthe Key Chain, any mail in your In Tray that has been downloaded by the
*2Hgateway will be deleted. We strongly advise you to copy the contents of
*2Hyour In Tray to a folder before removing any personal gateways from the
*2GKey Chain. However, if you forget to copy your In Tray before removing
*2CPT/QM, you can recover your lost messages by following these steps:
):DOpen the
IPM Bin
folder within the
PowerTalk Data
folder in the
System Folder.
*?EAll of the messages are still there with blank icons and 8-digit hex
names.
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
PowerTalk and PT/QM problems
):,Drag the files on top of the AppleMail icon.
*>EThe files will launch the AppleMail application and display your mes-
*2!sages, including file enclosures.
GIf you prefer, you can open the files within AppleMail and then choose
Save As
in the AppleMail File menu to specify a name for each message
*2Nand restore the original type and creator. That way, the files
icons will be
*2Lrestored and you can then open them by double-clicking on the file. Or, you
*2Kcan use a file utility such as FileType
, Disk Top
or ResEdit
to restore
*23the files
original type (lttr) and creator (lap2).
,Gateway installation or configuration errors
*HHThe following messages may be displayed in alert dialogs when you close
the configuration window:
Courier
*M@You have not specified a QuickMail login name. Changes will not
be saved if you continue.
+:>FClick Stop in the alert dialog to return to the configuration window.
*2FThen, enter your QuickMail login name and close the configuration win-
dow again. See
Required mail account information
on page 18
for
details.
8You have not selected a QuickMail MailCenter. Press the
MailCenter
button. Changes will not be saved if you continue.
+:=FClick Stop in the alert dialog to return to the configuration window.
*2GThen, click the MailCenter button and choose the Online MailCenter you
usually log into. See
Required mail account information
on page 18
for
details.
6You have not selected a QuickMessenger server. Select
*.>QuickMessenger from the Chooser. Changes will not be saved if
you continue.
+:=AClick Stop to return to the configuration window. Then, open the
*2<Chooser and select a Name Server system. Make sure that the
*2CNameServer you selected in the Chooser via the QuickMessenger icon
knows about
your QuickMail login account. See
Choosing a NameServer
on page 15
for details.
?This gateway's file-id has changed. You must reboot the system
*..for this gateway to be activated by PowerTalk.
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Solving Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
CThis alert is informational
after updating the gateway software by
*2Binstalling a new version, you opened the configuration dialog and
*2Lclosed it, as you are required to do. The next step is to restart the Macin-
tosh. See
If you are updating a previous version
on page 14
for details.
Courier
;Unable to login to QuickMail with specified values. Please
*-@verify your settings. Changes will not be saved if you continue.
+:>BYou specified incorrect information about your QuickMail account.
*2EClick Stop to return to the configuration window, and make sure that
*2Cyou entered the right user login name, password (if any), and Mail-
Center.
=Unable to login to QuickMail. MailCenter name is bad.Changes
*."will not be saved if you continue.
+:=CYou chose the wrong MailCenter in the gateway configuration. Click
*2EStop to return to the configuration window, and click the MailCenter
*2=button to choose the Online MailCenter you normally log into.
@Unable to login to QuickMail. User name is bad.Changes will not
be saved if you continue.
+:=EYou specified the wrong login name for your QuickMail account. Click
*2EStop to return to the configuration window and check your login name
for typos.
?Unable to login to QuickMail. Password is bad.Changes will not
be saved if you continue.
+:>CYou specified the wrong password for your QuickMail account. Click
*2GStop to return to the configuration window and then click the Password
button. Re-enter your password.
PowerTalk problem reports
*YEIf the gateway reports a correctable problem to PowerTalk, PowerTalk
*2Iwaits until you have resolved the problem before allowing the gateway to
*2Icontinue functioning. In general, the gateway reports problem conditions
*2Fthrough the PowerTalk problem reporting mechanism, which causes a but-
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
PowerTalk problem reports
Lton to be displayed and activated in the top right corner of the In Tray or
Out Tray, as shown in
FIGURE 47
M FIGURE 47
.Button indicating problem reports in PowerTalk
=Click the PowerTalk problem reports button to open a window (
FIGURE
M FIGURE 48
&Click Resolve after fixing the problem
IWhen you have taken the appropriate action to resolve the problem, click
*2LResolve. If you click Resolve before fixing the problem, PT/QM is activated
*2Iagain and the same message will be generated again and added to this win-
*2Gdow. If the problem is noted more than once, it can cause PowerTalk to
*2 deactivate the gateway software.
" !$
@dLbL
AD )T
%!bJR
@D )$
='BJR
!)BJR
rR)I=E*)H$
E*)H$
Click here
<f|<f
>f|<f
!$%($$
RR !T
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Solving Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Gateway errors
*HCThe Problems window displays problems that have been logged by the
*2KPowerTalk interfaces. The gateway can display the following errors in this
window:
Courier
*L-There
s not enough free disk space available.
+:=BPowerTalk stores messages in your In Tray on your local Macintosh
*2Edisk, and the gateway requires sufficient space to retrieve messages
*2Ffrom QuickMail. If the gateway determines that the Macintosh has less
*2Kthan 2 MB of disk space left, it stops receiving new mail and creates this
*2Cproblem report. You must free up some space before you can receive
your QuickMail messages.
>Unable to initialize StarNine interfaces. Gateway will not be
*. executed.
+:=FThis message is rare
it can indicate a problem in PowerTalk. Please
*2/contact StarNine at (510) 649-4949 to get help.
Unable to login to QuickMail.
+:=8Open the Key Chain, and then double-click the QuickMail
service
Dopen the configuration window. Check that your QuickMail login name
and password are correct.
Key file errors
*HAThe following messages may also be displayed in a problem report:
*M>Key registration failed. A Duplicate copy of this gateway may
*-;be executing in your network. The gateway will not execute!
+:>BThis message means that the gateway software detected a duplicate
*2Ecopy of your gateway ID on the AppleTalk network. It
s possible that
*20another user installed a copy of your software.
=A valid key file was not found. The gateway will not execute!
+:=GThis message means that the key file distributed with Mail*Link QM for
*2CPowerTalk is either missing or somehow corrupted. Call StarNine at
*2((510) 649-4949 to obtain a new key file.
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Helvetica
Checking the log file
Checking the log file
*YGPT/QM writes status and error messages to a file named Mail*Link PT/QM
*2,Log. The log file is located in this folder:
+:K2System Folder:Preferences:StarNine:Mail*Link PT/QM
PThe log file is a text file that can be opened by any application that can read
*2Ktext files, such as the TeachText application or almost any other word pro-
*2Icessing program. If the gateway does not seem to be sending or receiving
*2Kmail, you should open this file and check the messages. Error messages nor-
*2<mally have an error number that helps identify the problem.
Automatic log file clearing
*HNThe log file will not grow larger than 31KB. If it reaches 31KB, a message is
*2Linserted at the top of the file and new log messages overwrite existing mes-
*2Psages starting at the top of the file. You can always locate the latest informa-
*2Btion by looking at the time stamp that precedes every log message.
*dNEach time the Macintosh system is restarted, if the log file has reached 31KB
*2Lin size, the file is moved to the Trash and the current date is appended to
*2Ithe file
s name. The old log files are deleted only when you execute the
Empty Trash command.
&Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk error codes
The error codes listed in
Table 2
' are generated by the gateway software
Hwhen the destination address in a message is rejected by QuickMail. See
QuickMail address constraints
on page 56
<" for details about the limits and
formats accepted by QuickMail.
Table 2
Gateway error codes
Error code
QuickMail error condition
-9699
m<Bad address (The address does not comply with the QuickMail
address constraints.)
-9698
m?User name is too large (>31 characters). Username is a combi-
nation of first and last names.
-9697
m'Bad QuickMail Mailcenter specification.
-9696
m!Bad QuickMail Zone specification.
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Solving Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
#Macintosh and AppleTalk error codes
The codes in
Table 3
and
Table 4
( represent standard Macintosh and Apple-
Talk errors.
-9695
"@Bad QuickMail 'special address' field (or 'real' email address)
specification.
-9694
"5Address in total is too large to submit to QuickMail.
Table 3
'Macintosh file system or memory errors
Error code
Description
Directory is full.
Disk is full.
No such volume.
I/O error.
File not open.
End-of-file.
Too many files open.
File not found.
Diskette is write protected.
File is locked.
Volume is locked.
File is busy.
Duplicate filename.
+Not enough room in the heap zone of memory.
Miscellaneous memory errors.
A resource could not be found.
Table 4
AppleTalk errors
Error code
Description
-1096:
Request failed.
-1097:
Too many requests outstanding.
-1098:
Too many sockets open.
-1099:
Bad or unopen socket number.
Table 2
Gateway error codes
(Continued)
Error code
QuickMail error condition
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Checking the log file
QuickMessenger error codes
The error codes shown in
Table 5
, will appear in the log file if the related
!QuickMail errors are encountered.
Table 5
QuickMessenger error codes
Error code
QuickMail error condition
-20480
m!QuickMail older than version 2.6.
-20479
m'Ask for password on open checked in DA.
-20478
m#The specified zone cannot be found.
-20477
m)The specified MailCenter cannot be found.
-20476
m,The specified address book cannot be found.
-20475
m$The specified group cannot be found.
-20474
m(More than 32K data for list. Truncated.
-20473
Call back later.
-20472
Not the user's password.
-20471
The user is already connected.
-20470
Server is pre-2.6.
-20469
Cannot create the connection.
-20468
m"Invalid message reference number.
-20467
m%Invalid connection reference number.
-20466
Invalid recipient list.
-20465
GetList selector unknown.
-20464
AddrBook or Group corrupt.
-20463
m)Not an online MailCenter (can't log in).
-20462
m!Demo or beta server has expired.
-20461
m"User can't log in to this server.
-20460
Misc server error logging in.
-20459
Message topic > 27 chars long.
-20458
m!Message body > 24576 chars long.
-20457
m!Message priority not 0 or [1.5].
-20456
m!Probably too few fields in form.
-20455
m Recipient spec badly formatted.
-20454
m=NameServer verification of name failed. This could mean that
*.7the NameServer selected in the Chooser resides on a QM
*.9Server Macintosh other than where your online MailCenter
*.<resides, or that you specified your login name incorrectly.
*-;Check to make sure that you didn
t type a space after your
*.2name when entering it in the configuration window.
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Solving Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
Message related to Power PCs
*HEIf the PT/QM gateway does not seem to be working and you are using a
*2.Power PC, check the log file for this message:
Courier
ERROR: "
5AOCE SlotID" attribute not present or bad (0). Using
default slotID #1.
*cHIf you see this message in the log file, turn off the modern memory man-
*2Jager, and then remove the QuickMail service from the Key Chain. This will
*2Fcause the Macintosh to restart. When the Macintosh comes up, open the
*2OKey Chain again. If you see an installed service with no name, it is a vestige
*2Gof the PT/QM installation. Remove it. The Macintosh will restart again.
*dEWhen the Macintosh comes up again, the Key Chain should show no sign
*2Fof the QuickMail service or the
empty
service with no name. Now you
*2Gcan add the QuickMail service to the Key Chain, configure the gateway,
*2Gand send a test message to make sure that it is working properly. (See
Gateway Configuration
on page 15
w& for details.) When you have verified
Ethat the PT/QM gateway is working, you can turn on the modern memory
manager again.
-20453
")The selected NameServer cannot be found.
-20452
"!The selected NameServer is busy.
-20451
"#Serious internal NameServer error.
-20450
"!Not to, cc, or bcc (0, 1, or 2).
-20449
"!Recipient cannot be added twice.
-20448
"'Attempt to enclose more than 16 files.
-20447
No "to" recipient specified.
-20446
"!Beta QuickMessenger has expired.
-20445
"*Password too long or has '!' or ctl char.
-20444
"#No valid mail list exists locally.
-20443
""Message was not read from server.
-20442
" File is not QM Remote document.
-20441
" Return receipts cannot be read.
-20440
"$Index for enumeration out of range.
-20439
"/Message ID does not reference a valid message.
-20438
")The topic contains an illegal character.
Table 5
QuickMessenger error codes
(Continued)
Error code
QuickMail error condition
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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"How to remove the gateway software
"How to remove the gateway software
*YFBefore you remove PT/QM software from a Macintosh, make sure you save
*5"the contents of your In Tray. See
Mail is deleted when you remove
PT/QM
on page 62
. for related issues. Then, follow these steps:
Open the Key Chain.
):'In the Key Chain, select the QuickMail
service
and then click Remove.
Close the Key Chain.
*>&This causes the Macintosh to restart.
*?EWhen the Macintosh comes up, open the Key Chain again. If you see an
*2Finstalled service with no name, remove it. The Macintosh will restart
*2Fagain, after which the Key Chain should show no sign of the QuickMail
*2-service or the
empty
service with no name.
):>Insert the Mail*Link PT/QM disk in the Macintosh floppy drive.
):BDrag-and-drop the Mail*Link PT/QM Install script on the Installer.
):(Click Customize in the Installer window.
):FSelect the PT/QM software by pressing Shift and clicking on each item.
):CHold down the Option key. The Install button changes to the Remove
button, as shown in
FIGURE 49
M FIGURE 49
Removing PT/QM
):*Click Remove. Then, restart the Macintosh.
323&f1
f`@f$
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Solving Problems
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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About this guide
Access code, key chain
activating the gateway
after configuration
after turning off
address books
creating personal catalogs
9 selecting
9 translations of illegal address
formats
Addresses
adding to catalog
adding to recipient list
creating aliases on Desktop
9 entering addresses destined for
another mail system
entering foreign mail system
addresses in template
fixing old aliases
how to create an address
template
internal representation
Times
Internet address example
on Desktop
QuickMail address template
typing in
using Find Addresses
using Find in Catalog
working with QuickMail
+K- addresses
AOCE SlotID
AppleMail
default reader
finding QuickMail addresses
format required
opening
opening Find Addresses
sending a CC copy
AppleTalk
registration of gateway ID
applications
Import QM Address Books
Index
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
asterisk in converted addresses
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Bad Configuration
Times
Balloon help
blank message received
Books, see
)L ess books
bullet character
in personal catalogs
business card, StarNine
business cards
checking addresses
opening the Electronic Address
section
restrictions
Buttons
alert button
Catalog
adding a QuickMail address
adding an address in another
mail system
creating a new user
creating an entry by copying a
Catalog icon
Catalog Service Access module
Catalogs
All Catalogs
Everywhere
personal, see
Personal catalogs
QuickMail
CE Software
QuickMessenger software
characters
asterisk, in First name field
at-sign (@), in First name field
bullet
Chooser, selecting NameServer
Clearing log file
Close window and reboot
Configuration
activating
basic options
opening configuration
window
Connect times in gateway
conventions in this guide
Create Personal Catalog
defined
Find interfaces
Current State
Customize
Download All Messages
required components
database, see
NameServer
date, appended to log file
deactivating the gateway
Defaults
AppleMail reader
downloading and deleting
messages from QuickMail
Delete mail from server option
deleting old log files
Desktop aliases for addresses
Desktop, address templates
discontiguous selection
Disk space
required for gateway function
Disk space, required
Downloading messages
default behavior
disk space issues
Installer option
performance issues
without deleting from MS
without deleting from
+K- QuickMail
Downloading QuickMail, see
Gateway connect times
"Dragging e-mail address to create
alias
duplicate copies of a gateway
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Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
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Electronic Addresses
enumeration, not supported in
QuickMail catalog
error checking, QuickMail
. addresses
error messages
Times
Examples
activating the configured
gateway
9 adding a QuickMail address to a
catalog
adding service to Key Chain
addresses in other mail
systems
copying and modifying a
QuickMail catalog entry
creating a new user with a
QuickMail address
custom install
deactivating the gateway
temporarily
easy install
finding an address
internal address format
9 QuickMail address with two-part
+K- last name
selecting a mail reader
typing in a QuickMail
address
updating
using Find in Catalog
using the QuickMail address
template
existing messages, downloading
from QuickMail
Extensions,
System extensions
Extras folder
fields
containing incorrect values
in QuickMail addresses
file-ID, requirements for
updating
Find Addresses
adding to recipient list
in QuickMail
opening
search strings
Find in Catalog
finding QuickMail addresses
introduced
opening
viewing electronic addresses
Finder Special menu-I
First name searches
Folders
Mail*Link Extras
Preferences:StarNine:Mail*Link
PT/QM
System
Gateway
configuration window
connect times
disk space needed
internal address
representation
verifying operations
Genesis
groups, finding group
. addresses
icons
magnifying glass
pencil
illegal characters in QuickMail
address fields
Import QM Address Books
In Tray
opening a test message
Incoming mail, when to
download
incorrect fields temporarily
saved
installation
Installer options
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
updating
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using Installer
Times
Installer options
+&- customize
Download All Messages
internal address representation
displayed
internal audit on QuickMail
. addresses
Internet address, example
invalid field entries
*1 Key Chain
adding QuickMail Service
opening
opening gateway configuration
window
Key file
error conditions
Last name field
containing space character
special issues
Last name searches
Loaded
location change
log file
date appended
deleting
location
maximum size
time stamps
*0 Macintosh
Chooser, selecting
NameServer
requirements
restarting
magnifying glass icon
Mail*Link Extras
Mail*Link PT/QM extension
PMSAM
MailCenter
for foreign mail systems
in gateway setup
in internal address format
Names
entering a two-part last name
searching for addresses
NameServer
local configuration issues
obtaining addresses maintained
in database
requirements
selection
Not Loaded
opening an addressing window
Outgoing mail, send
immediately
password
entering your QM password
leaving blank
Personal catalogs
bullet character in catalog
creating from address books
translations of illegal
characters
$pipe character, in internal address
format
PMSAM, defined
Power PC
PowerTalk
creating gateway service
opening Key Chain
problem reports
see also
Requirements
Preferences
location
problem reports
Problems
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
bad configuration status
Helvetica
mail returned
thumbs
user receives blank message
*1 QuickMail
address books
catalog icon
downloading existing
messages
group addresses
login account in gateway
setup
MailCenter in gateway setup
NameServer selected in
Chooser
NameServer selection
QuickMessenger component
requirements
QuickMail address template
error checking
foreign mail system
address
Times
incorrect values retained
QuickMail address,
Addresses
QuickMessenger
configuration
introduced
recipients
changing status
including multiple
recommendations for entering
gateway addresses
Requirements
disk space
9 Macintosh
PowerTalk, when updating a
service
System 7 Pro
Resources
location
!restrictions, checked in address
template
Search strings
in Find Addresses
Send outgoing immediately
StarNine
business card
folder contents
State
bad configuration
close window and reboot
genesis
loaded
not loaded
Support Info
System extensions
Mail*Link PT/QM
QuickMessenger
System Folder
Control Panels
Extensions
Preferences, StarNine
System requirements
Requirements
troubleshooting,
)1 Problems
turning off the gateway
Updating gateway software
Updating Mail*Link PT/QM
Verifying gateway
operations
in internal address format
Palatino
Mail*Link QM for PowerTalk
in QuickMail addresses, when
required
Helvetica
of your QuickMail
MailCenter
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